Navigating Fishing Restrictions on Private Property in Colorado

This article is informational and not legal advice. When in doubt, contact Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW) or an attorney.

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Exploring the rules and regulations surrounding fishing on private property in Colorado is essential for a successful fishing experience. Understanding and navigating these restrictions can make all the difference in ensuring that anglers have a safe and enjoyable time on the water.

Colorado's fishing laws are in place to protect both the landowners and the environment. By familiarizing yourself with these laws, you can ensure that you fish legally and ethically. Whether it's obtaining permission to fish on private land, following catch limits and size restrictions, or respecting wildlife habitats, adhering to these regulations is key.

Navigating access to private waters can be a bit more challenging, but with proper planning and communication, anglers can gain access to some of the most pristine fishing locations in Colorado. Seeking permission directly from the landowner or participating in public fishing access programs are great ways to explore these restricted areas responsibly.

Respecting landowners' rights is crucial when fishing on or near private lands. By obtaining permits and permissions, anglers can show respect for the landowner's property and maintain positive relationships. Additionally, practicing responsible fishing techniques, such as catch and release, using barbless hooks, and properly disposing of waste, can help preserve fish populations and habitats for future generations.

Understanding Colorado Fishing Laws

When fishing in Colorado, it's crucial to dive headfirst into the tangled web of the state's fishing laws—think of them as your trusty GPS, guiding you to where you can drop your line and which fishy friends you can invite to dinner.

Colorado's rules about fishing on private property are like a superhero cape for landowners, shielding them from uninvited guests. Without a landowner's golden ticket, casting your line on private land is a no-go, highlighting the need to respect property lines and make nice with the folks who own the land.

On top of getting the landowner's nod, anglers must also dance to the tune of the Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW) regulations. These rules cover everything from how many fish you can catch to when you can catch them. By getting cozy with Colorado's fishing laws, anglers can confidently wade through the waters, ensuring a peaceful coexistence with the state's aquatic residents. And don't forget to check out the National Park Service while you're at it!

In short, getting a handle on Colorado's fishing laws not only keeps you on the right side of the law but also sets the stage for a rewarding and eco-friendly fishing adventure in the Centennial State.

The rule that matters most

If you plan to fish on privately owned land in Colorado, you need permission from the landowner or the person in possession of the land. Entering to hunt, trap, or fish without permission violates §33-6-116. Penalties can apply even if you thought the water was “public.” Colorado General Assembly

Public water, private beds, and why access feels confusing

Colorado’s stream-access law is narrow. The state does not generally recognize a public right to walk or wade up to the high-water mark through private property. In practice, many rivers have privately owned beds and banks. If you touch that riverbed without permission, you risk trespass. 

In 2023, the Colorado Supreme Court dismissed an angler’s lawsuit that tried to establish public ownership of a riverbed segment; the court ruled he lacked standing. The decision did not expand access rights. Colorado’s status quo remains: access is limited and fact-specific.

Floating through private stretches

Many boaters and anglers float through private reaches without setting foot on the bed or banks. That approach is often tolerated, but it is not a blanket statutory right and can still spark disputes at pinch points, hazards, or portages. If you must scout or portage, you are likely on private land unless an easement exists. Plan routes to avoid trouble and respect requests to move along. Colorado v. Hill

Navigating Access to Private Waters

Accessing private waters for fishing can be more challenging than fishing on public waters. However, with proper planning and communication, you can gain access to these restricted areas.

One option is to seek permission directly from the landowner. This can be done by contacting the landowner and requesting permission to fish on their property. It is essential to be respectful and provide details about your fishing plans, such as the date and time of your visit.

Another option is to explore fishing opportunities on properties that offer public fishing access programs. These programs allow anglers to access private waters through partnerships between landowners and organizations like CPW. Researching and participating in these programs can provide access to otherwise restricted areas.

It is crucial to remember that even with permission or access programs, certain areas within private waters may still be off-limits. Always respect any posted signs or boundaries and fish in approved areas.

Navigating access to private waters responsibly and ethically allows you to enjoy fishing in some of Colorado's most pristine and secluded locations.

Respecting Landowners' Rights

Respecting landowners' rights is a matter of legal compliance and a display of good stewardship and ethical responsibility. When seeking permission to fish on private lands, it is essential to approach the landowner with courtesy and consideration for their property. By directly requesting permission and outlining your fishing plans with transparency, you demonstrate respect for their rights and foster positive relationships that can benefit both parties in the long run.

Moreover, adhering to any specific rules or guidelines set by the landowner showcases your commitment to responsible angling practices. Whether it involves using certain fishing methods, practicing catch and release, or honoring designated fishing zones, following these directives exhibits your dedication to preserving the land and its resources.

Respecting the landowners' wishes and being mindful of the surrounding environment is equally important. Littering, disrupting wildlife habitats, or causing damage to the property can have lasting consequences. By upholding leave-no-trace principles, preserving vegetation, and properly disposing of any waste, you contribute to the conservation of the ecosystem and ensure that future generations can also enjoy the beauty of these private fishing locations.

In essence, respecting landowners' rights goes beyond mere compliance with regulations – it signifies a deeper commitment to sustainability, conservation, and ethical conduct in the pursuit of angling adventures on private lands.

Obtaining Permits and Permissions

What counts as permission

• Written permission is safest. Get names, dates, areas allowed, and any conditions.
• Verbal permission can work, but it’s harder to prove if challenged.
• Leases and clubs often grant access only to members or guided clients.
• Signs and fences matter. Respect “No Trespassing” and “No Fishing” signs. Colorado General Assembly

Obtaining the necessary permits and permissions is crucial for fishing on private property in Colorado. This ensures that you are fishing legally and in compliance with state regulations. Buy fishing licence here

Start by contacting the landowner and requesting permission to fish on their property. Provide details about your fishing plans, including the date and time of your visit, and respect any conditions or restrictions they may have.

In addition to landowner permission, you may also need to obtain a fishing license from the Colorado Parks and Wildlife. Fishing licenses are typically required for anyone aged 16 and older and can be purchased online or at authorized retailers. Some private waters may have specific permits or access fees. Researching and obtaining these permits in advance can help ensure a smooth and hassle-free fishing experience.

Practical steps to stay compliant

1. Research the reach. Use county maps, onX/land-status tools, and CPW property pages to confirm ownership and access rules.
2. Call ahead. If a ranch or HOA controls the banks, ask for permission and conditions.
3. Carry proof. Keep your license and any written permission handy.
4. Stay off the bed and banks where ownership is private and you lack permission.
5. De-escalate (Can't stress this enough - Cool head prevail). If confronted, keep it calm, leave if asked, and document details for follow-up rather than arguing stream law on the river.

Public access programs

Access sometimes exists via State Wildlife Areas, State Trust Lands, or other designated properties, each with its own rules, seasons, and permits. Check CPW’s current brochures and property pages before you go; requirements change over time and by location. Colorado Parks and Wildlife 2025 State Recreation Booklet

Licenses and regulations still apply

On any legal water, you must follow CPW regulations for licenses, methods, species, bag and size limits, and seasons. Guides and guests should each carry the required licenses and know the local special regs for that reach. Colorado Parks and Wildlife

Tips for Fishing Responsibly

Fishing responsibly is crucial for the conservation of fish populations and the preservation of the environment. Here are some tips to help you fish responsibly on or near private lands in Colorado:

• Practice catch and release: Unless otherwise specified by the landowner or fishing regulations, consider releasing the fish you catch to promote sustainable fishing practices.
• Use barbless hooks: Barbless hooks make it easier to release fish without causing injury or harm.
• Respect wildlife and habitats: Avoid disturbing or damaging wildlife habitats while fishing. Stay on designated paths and avoid trampling vegetation.
• Properly dispose of waste: Carry out any trash or fishing gear you bring and dispose of it in designated bins or recycling facilities.
• Follow fishing regulations: Familiarize yourself with the specific fishing regulations for the area you are fishing in and adhere to them to ensure the long-term health of fish populations.

Other Resources

1. Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW): The official website of CPW provides detailed information on fishing regulations, licensing, and access to waters in Colorado. It is an authoritative source for up-to-date rules and guidelines. You can visit their website at https://cpw.state.co.us/
2. Colorado Fishing Regulations - eRegulations: The eRegulations website provides an online version of the Colorado Fishing Regulations. It offers a user-friendly interface for navigating the fishing regulations specific to Colorado. You can access it at https://www.eregulations.com/colorado/fishing-regulations
3. Colorado Fishing Brochure: Colorado Parks and Wildlife publishes an annual fishing brochure that provides comprehensive information on fishing regulations and guidelines. It covers specific rules and regulations for fishing in Colorado, including seasons, bag limits, catch and release requirements, and gear restrictions. The brochure is in PDF format and can be found on the official CPW website: https://cpw.state.co.us/Documents/RulesRegs/Brochure/fishing.pdf
4. Private Property Access: When fishing on private property, it is crucial to respect landowners' rights and seek permission before accessing or fishing on private lands. CPW guides on obtaining landowner consent and practicing ethical fishing on private properties. This information can be found on the official CPW website under their "Outdoor Recreation on Private Property" section: https://cpw.state.co.us/thingstodo/Pages/PropertiesPrivate.aspx

These sources should provide comprehensive and reliable information about fishing regulations and Colorado water access. Always check for updates and refer to the official sources Colorado Parks and Wildlife provides for the latest information.

IF YOU DON"T KNOW, ASK. ASK FIRST!

Sources:

• Colorado Fishing Regulations - eRegulations
• Colorado Fishing Brochure - Colorado Parks and Wildlife